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fume event
A fume event occurs when bleed air used for cabin pressurization and air conditioning in a pressurized aircraft is contaminated by chemicals such as engine oil, hydraulic fluid, anti-icing fluid and other potentially hazardous chemicals including cargo spills.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=UK Committee on Toxicology Leaflet )〕 Turbine engine oil is an irritant and contains neurotoxic chemicals such as tricresyl phosphate. However, no conclusive evidence exists that engine oil contains sufficient quantities of such chemicals to cause long term damage. Hydraulic fluid is extremely irritating, particularly to the eyes, which creates a hazard to pilots during a fume event. However, it is non-toxic and does not cause lasting damage.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Skydrol FAQ )〕 Anti-icing fluid has a strong smell, but is not very irritating or toxic.
==How cabin pressurization works==
Because airliners fly at very high altitudes, the cabin must be pressurized to provide a minimum safe quantity of breathable oxygen to passengers and crew.
The cabin is pressurized with bleed air tapped off of the compressor stages, which are prior to the combustion sections, of the jet engines. That air is very hot and must be cooled by heat exchangers, before it is directed into the airconditioning units, which cool it even further.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Commercial Cabin Air Systems )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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